/* Macros to aid with metaprogramming. */
#ifndef METAPROGRAM_H
#define METAPROGRAM_H

/* Check if VA_OPT_ is supported by the compiler. GCC's version should be at least 9.5*/
#define PP_THIRD_ARG(a,b,c,...) c
#define VA_OPT_SUPPORTED_I(...) PP_THIRD_ARG(__VA_OPT__(,),TRUE,FALSE,)
#define VA_OPT_SUPPORTED VA_OPT_SUPPORTED_I(?)

#if !VA_OPT_SUPPORTED
#error ERROR: VA_OPT__ is not supported. Please update your gcc compiler to version 10 or higher
#endif // VA_OPT_SUPPORTED

/* Calls m0/m1/.../m8 depending on how many arguments are passed. */
#define VARARG_8(m, ...) CAT(m, NARG_8(__VA_ARGS__))(__VA_ARGS__)

/* Returns the number of arguments passed to it (up to 8). */
#define NARG_8(...) NARG_8_(_, ##__VA_ARGS__, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
#define NARG_8_(_, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, N, ...) N

/* Expands 'a' and 'b' and then concatenates them. */
#define CAT(a, b) CAT_(a, b)
#define CAT_(a, b) a ## b

/* Expands '__VA_ARGS__' and then stringizes them. */
#define STR(...) STR_(__VA_ARGS__)
#define STR_(...) #__VA_ARGS__

/* Converts a string to a compound literal, essentially making it a pointer to const u8 */
#define COMPOUND_STRING(str) (const u8[]) _(str)

/* Expands to the first/second/third/fourth argument. */
#define FIRST(a, ...) a
#define SECOND(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(FIRST(__VA_ARGS__))
#define THIRD(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(SECOND(__VA_ARGS__))
#define FOURTH(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(THIRD(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Expands to everything but the first x arguments */
#define EXCEPT_1(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(__VA_ARGS__)
#define EXCEPT_2(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(EXCEPT_1(__VA_ARGS__))
#define EXCEPT_3(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(EXCEPT_2(__VA_ARGS__))
#define EXCEPT_4(a, ...) __VA_OPT__(EXCEPT_3(__VA_ARGS__))

/* 'UNPACK (x, y, z)' expands to 'x, y, z'.
 * Useful for passing arguments which may contain commas into a macro. */
#define UNPACK(...) __VA_ARGS__

/* Expands to 'macro(...args, ...)'. */
#define INVOKE_WITH(macro, args, ...) INVOKE_WITH_(macro, UNPACK args __VA_OPT__(, __VA_ARGS__))
#define INVOKE_WITH_(macro, ...) macro(__VA_ARGS__)

/* Recursive macros.
 * Based on https://www.scs.stanford.edu/~dm/blog/va-opt.html
 *
 * Macros prefixed with R_ are recursive, to correctly expand them the
 * top-level macro which references them should use 'RECURSIVELY' around
 * them. 'RECURSIVELY' cannot be nested, hence the top-level macro must
 * use it so that a recursive macro is able to reference another
 * recursive macro. */

#define RECURSIVELY(...) RECURSIVELY_4(RECURSIVELY_4(RECURSIVELY_4(RECURSIVELY_4(__VA_ARGS__))))
#define RECURSIVELY_4(...) RECURSIVELY_3(RECURSIVELY_3(RECURSIVELY_3(RECURSIVELY_3(__VA_ARGS__))))
#define RECURSIVELY_3(...) RECURSIVELY_2(RECURSIVELY_2(RECURSIVELY_2(RECURSIVELY_2(__VA_ARGS__))))
#define RECURSIVELY_2(...) RECURSIVELY_1(RECURSIVELY_1(RECURSIVELY_1(RECURSIVELY_1(__VA_ARGS__))))
#define RECURSIVELY_1(...) __VA_ARGS__

/* Useful for deferring expansion until the second scan. See
 * https://www.scs.stanford.edu/~dm/blog/va-opt.html for more info. */
#define PARENS ()

/* Expands to 'macro(a)' for each 'a' in '...' */
#define R_FOR_EACH(macro, ...) __VA_OPT__(R_FOR_EACH_(macro, __VA_ARGS__))
#define R_FOR_EACH_(macro, a, ...) macro(a) __VA_OPT__(R_FOR_EACH_P PARENS (macro, __VA_ARGS__))
#define R_FOR_EACH_P() R_FOR_EACH_

/* Expands to 'macro(...args, a)' for each 'a' in '...'. */
#define R_FOR_EACH_WITH(macro, args, ...) __VA_OPT__(R_FOR_EACH_WITH_(macro, args, __VA_ARGS__))
#define R_FOR_EACH_WITH_(macro, args, a, ...) INVOKE_WITH(macro, args, a) __VA_OPT__(R_FOR_EACH_WITH_P PARENS (macro, args, __VA_ARGS__))
#define R_FOR_EACH_WITH_P() R_FOR_EACH_WITH_

/* Picks the xth VA_ARG if it exists, otherwise returns a default value */
#define DEFAULT(_default, ...) FIRST(__VA_OPT__(__VA_ARGS__, ) _default)
#define DEFAULT_2(_default, ...) DEFAULT(_default __VA_OPT__(, SECOND(__VA_ARGS__)))
#define DEFAULT_3(_default, ...) DEFAULT(_default __VA_OPT__(, THIRD(__VA_ARGS__)))
#define DEFAULT_4(_default, ...) DEFAULT(_default __VA_OPT__(, FOURTH(__VA_ARGS__)))

/* (Credit to MGriffin) A rather monstrous way of finding the set bit in a word.
Invalid input causes a compiler error. Sample: https://cexplore.karathan.at/z/x1hm7B */
#define BIT_INDEX(n) \
    (n) == (1 << 0) ? 0 : \
    (n) == (1 << 1) ? 1 : \
    (n) == (1 << 2) ? 2 : \
    (n) == (1 << 3) ? 3 : \
    (n) == (1 << 4) ? 4 : \
    (n) == (1 << 5) ? 5 : \
    (n) == (1 << 6) ? 6 : \
    (n) == (1 << 7) ? 7 : \
    (n) == (1 << 8) ? 8 : \
    (n) == (1 << 9) ? 9 : \
    (n) == (1 << 10) ? 10 : \
    (n) == (1 << 11) ? 11 : \
    (n) == (1 << 12) ? 12 : \
    (n) == (1 << 13) ? 13 : \
    (n) == (1 << 14) ? 14 : \
    (n) == (1 << 15) ? 15 : \
    (n) == (1 << 16) ? 16 : \
    (n) == (1 << 17) ? 17 : \
    (n) == (1 << 18) ? 18 : \
    (n) == (1 << 19) ? 19 : \
    (n) == (1 << 20) ? 20 : \
    (n) == (1 << 21) ? 21 : \
    (n) == (1 << 22) ? 22 : \
    (n) == (1 << 23) ? 23 : \
    (n) == (1 << 24) ? 24 : \
    (n) == (1 << 25) ? 25 : \
    (n) == (1 << 26) ? 26 : \
    (n) == (1 << 27) ? 27 : \
    (n) == (1 << 28) ? 28 : \
    (n) == (1 << 29) ? 29 : \
    (n) == (1 << 30) ? 30 : \
    (n) == (1 << 31) ? 31 : \
    *(u32 *)NULL

#define COMPRESS_BITS_0 0, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_1 1, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_2 2, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_3 3, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_4 4, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_5 5, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_6 6, 1
#define COMPRESS_BITS_7 7, 1

/* Will try and compress a set bit (or up to three sequential bits) into a single byte
Input must be of the form (upper << lower) where upper can be up to 3, lower up to 31 */
#define COMPRESS_BITS(_val) COMPRESS_BITS_STEP_2 _val
#define COMPRESS_BITS_STEP_2(_unpacked) COMPRESS_BITS_STEP_3(COMPRESS_BITS_## _unpacked)
#define COMPRESS_BITS_STEP_3(...) COMPRESS_BITS_STEP_4(__VA_ARGS__)
#define COMPRESS_BITS_STEP_4(upper, lower) (((upper % 8) << 5) + (BIT_INDEX(lower)))

/* Will read a compressed bit stored by COMPRESS_BIT into a single byte */
#define UNCOMPRESS_BITS(compressed) ((compressed >> 5) << (compressed & 0x1F))

#endif